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K. V. Muhammed Shakkeel ¹, Anjan Kumar ¹, D. Veeresh Babu ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The present study was designed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of "Trichilia connaroides" bark using different animal models. Analgesic activity was evaluated by using various two animal models namely, Writing Test using acetic acid in mice and Hot Plate Method. The degree of analgesic activity was determined by the number of wriths was recorded for each animal in Writing Test using acetic acid in mice model and the delay in reaction time for of each animal when place in hot plate maintained at 55±0.10c is recorded in Hot Plate Method. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using Formalin induced paw edema model, Croton oil ear edema in rats. Trichilia connaroides bark ethanolic extracts produced significant analgesic activity in both Hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing models in mice. In hot plate method percentage increase in reaction time was determined where as in acetic acid induced writhing model percentage decrease in writhings was determined. Evaluation of anti inflammatory activity was done by Formalin induced paw edema model, Croton oil ear edema model. In Formalin induced paw edema model mean change in paw volume and percentage protection were calculated. In croton oil ear edema model the difference between untreated ear and treated ear were determined which indicated degree of inflammatory edema. The study revealed that the "Trichilia connaroides" bark possess a significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Keywords

"Trichilia connaroides" Bark, Writing Test Using Acetic Acid, Hot Plate Method, Formalin Induced Paw Edema Model, Croton Oil Ear Edema in Rats.

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K. P. Jaseela ¹, Anjan Kumar ¹, D. Veeresh Babu ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The present study was designed to evaluate the antidepressant and anti-inflammatory activity of "Curcuma aromatica" oil and "Curcuma aromatica" extract using different animal models. Antidepressant activity was evaluated by using various animal models. The degree of antidepressant activity was determined by measuring the immobility time in forced swim test and tail suspension tests. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using Carrageenan induced paw edema model. Animals treated with all three doses of CAO (250,500 and 750mg/kg) witnessed a decrease in their immobility times in FST and TST which was significant when compared with control. Similarly, animals treated with Imipramine (15mg/kg), as expected showed a significant decrease in the immobility time.

Carrageenan induced paw edema model was employed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of "Curcuma aromatica". Carrageenan induced paw edema model uses change in paw volume of control, test, and standard respectively to find out percentage inhibition of edema .The study revealed that the "Curcuma aromatica" rhizome oil possess a significant antidepressant and anti-inflammatory activity.

Keywords

Curcuma aromatica Oil, Forced Swim Test, Tail Suspension Test, Anti Depressant, Carrageenan Induced Paw Edema Model.

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Mercy Mathew ¹, Ravikumar ², Simila Madathil ¹, Anju Govind ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The present study aimed at Formulation Development and Evaluation of controlled release tablets of Cinitapride for the treatment of ulcer. Cinitapride is a gastroprokinetic agent and antiulcer agent of the benzamide class. It act as an agonist of the 5- HT₁ and 5- HT₄ receptors and an antagonist of the 5- HT₂ receptors. It is used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders associated with motility disturbances such as gastro esophageal reflux disease, non- ulcer dyspepsia and delayed gastric emptying. The matrix tablets of Cinitapride were prepared using wet granulation. Physical characterization of tablet and powder blends used to form the matrix tablet was under taken using a range of experimental techniques. Granules were evaluated for Bulk density, Tapped density, Compressibility index and Hausner's ratio. Tablets were tested for weight variation, hardness, thickness and friability as per official procedure. The tablets were evaluated for in-vitro drug release profile. Dissolution studies of Cinitapride controlled release tablets in media with different dissolution media 0.1N HCl, Phosphate buffer pH (6.8) as per US Pharmacopoeia. The dissolution data revealed that the ratio of polymers is very important to achieve a optimum formulation. The formulation of Cinitapride CR tablets shown that formulation F23 with Methocel K100M (20%) shown good drug release profile. Formulation F23, shown similar dissolution profile when compared with the marketed product (Cintapro). Stability study of the formulation F23 indicated no significant difference in release profile after a period of 3 months.

Keywords

Cinitapride, Gastritis, Methocel K4M, K15M and K100M, Carbopol, and Methyl Cellulose.

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Prathibha Suvarna ¹, Ravi Kumar ², Yamunappa ¹, Pooja Shetty ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The objective of this research was to formulate fast dissolving tablets of tapentadol that disintegrate in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva and there by improve therapeutic efficacy. Tapentadol is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain for both acute (following injury, surgery, etc.) and chronic musculoskeletal pain). Fast dissolving tablets of tapentadol were prepared by direct compression method comprising of three different superdisintegrants-Sodium starch glycollate, Crosscarmellose sodium and Crosspovidone (2%, 4%, 6% and 8%) and diluent viz: microcrystalline cellulose. Twelve formulations were prepared and evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, drug content, in vitro disintegration time, in vitro dispersion time, wetting time, water absorption ratio and in vitro dissolution studies. FTIR and DSC studies revealed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients. Formulation M12 was found to be the best on the basis of wetting time, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro drug release. The formulation M12 containing microcrystalline cellulose as diluent and crosspovidone (8%) as disintegrant was found to be the optimized combination. Stability studies were carried out at 25°C±2°C/60%±5% RH and 40°C±2°C/75%±5% RH for formulation M12 for 60 days. The results of stability studies indicated no significant changes with respect to physicochemical properties, in vitro disintegration time, wetting time and in vitro drug release.

Keywords

Fast Dissolving Tablets, Tapentadol, Superdisintegrant, Direct Compression, Sodium Starch Glycollate, Crosscarmellose Sodium, Crosspovidone.

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Pooja Shetty ¹, Ravi Kumar ², Yamunappa ¹, Prathibha Suvarna ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

In recent years, plant derived polymers have evoked tremendous interest due to their diverse pharmaceutical applications such as diluent, binder, disintegrant in tablets, thickeners in oral liquids, protective colloids in suspensions, gelling agents in gels and bases in suppository. These polymers such as natural gums and mucilage are biocompatible, cheap and easily available and are preferred to semi synthetic and synthetic excipients. The main objective of the present work was to develop sustained release matrix tablets of water insoluble drug etodolac using natural polymers and gums like tamarind xyloglucan, gellan gum, sodium CMC and xanthan gum. Tablets were prepared by wet granulation method and evaluated for various physical parameters. The granules prepared were free flowing with good compressibility. FTIR and DSC studies revealed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients. The hardness of all the formulated tablets were in the range of 6-7 kg/cm² and friability test was found to be less than 0.1% in all the cases and swelling index studies shown that increase in the concentration of polymer increases the swelling index of tablet. Tablets containing xanthan gum and sodium CMC showed highest swelling index. Drug release was faster from tablets prepared with gellan gum and sodium CMC as matrix forming material. However, tablets formulated with xanthan gum and tamarind xyloglucan it sustained drug release effectively for 12 hrs. And it is reveals that increase i n the polymer concentration decrease the release of Etodolac from matrix tablet. Among the formulation studied, formulation F16 containing xanthan gum (1:0.25) showed release of drug more than 12hrs was found to be the optimized combination. Optimized formulation F16 followed higuchi kinetics. The release co-efficient values 'n' indicated that the drug release followed non fickian anomalous mechanism based on formulation factors. Stability studies were carried out at 40°C±2°C/75%±5% RH for formulation F16 for 90 days. The results of stability studies indicated no significant changes with respect to physicochemical properties and in vitro drug release.

Keywords

Matrix Tablets, Etodolac, Tamarind Xyloglucan, Gellan Gum, Sodium CMC, Xanthan Gum, Wet Granulation.

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Rebecca ¹, Ravi Kumar ², V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The objective of this research was to formulate fast dissolving tablets of Labetalol HCl that disintegrate in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva and there by improve therapeutic efficacy. Fast dissolving tablets of Labetalol HCl were prepared by direct compression method by using sublimation method. Seven formulations were prepared and evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, drug content, in vitro disintegration time, in vitro dispersion time, wetting time, water absorption ratio and in vitro dissolution studies. FTIR and DSC studies revealed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients. Formulation S5 were found to be the best on the basis of wetting time, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro drug release. The formulation S5 containing Crospovidone as superdisintegrant and ammonium bicarbonate as subliming agent were found to be the optimized combinations. Stability studies were carried out for S5 at 400C±20C/75%±5% RH for 60 days. The results of stability studies indicated no significant changes with respect to physicochemical properties, in vitro disintegration time, wetting time and in vitro drug release.

Keywords

Fast Dissolving Tablets, Labetalol HCI, Superdisintegrant, Direct Compression, Sodium Starch Glycollate, Ammonium Bicarbonate, Camphor.

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Anju Govind ¹, Manjunath B. Menden ², Ravi Kumar ², Simila ¹, Mercy ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavli College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, GD

Abstract

The present investigation of research is oriented through increasing safety and efficacy of existing drug molecule through novel concept of oral drug delivery Deflazacort is a synthetic steroid that has an anti inflammatory effect. It is used to decrease inflammation in various different diseases and conditions. Deflazacort works by acting within cells to prevent the release of certain chemicals that are important in the immune system. These chemicals are normally involved in producing immune and allergic responses; resulting in inflammation. By decreasing the release of these chemicals in a particular area, inflammation is reduced. This can help control a wide number of disease states characterized by excessive inflammation. These include severe allergic reactions, inflammation of the lungs in asthma and inflammation of the joints in arthritis.

Deflazacort also decreases the numbers of white blood cells circulating in the blood. And patients Nephritic Syndrome, required steroids for long times. Mouth dissolving tablets of Deflazacort were prepared by Superdisintegrant addition method using SSG, and Croscarmellose sodium as superdisintegrants at 5-10% w/w, showed minimum time to disintegrate the tablet (20.13 sec.) and almost complete release of drug within 15 minutes. The optimized formulation F14 was chosen and their optimum results were found to be in close agreement with experimental finding. The FTIR studies for the optimized formulation F14 shows that there was no interaction between drug and excipients. The stability studies for the optimized formulation F14 showed no significant changes.

Keywords

Mouth Dissolving Tablets, Superdisintegrants, Diluents, Deflazacort, Direct Compression.

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T. Nizamudeen ¹, J. Ramanjaneyulu ¹, D. Veeresh Babu ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

According to WHO, depression is a common mental disorder, characterized by sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, feelings of tiredness and poor concentration. The objective of the proposed study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of poly herbal formulation Medhagulika on Depression in different animal models. Evaluation of antidepressant activity was done by using 3 doses of Medhagulika (53.85, 102.77 and 154.16mg/kg) in vivo models. Animals treated with all three doses of Medhagulika witnessed a decrease in their immobility times in FST and TST which was significant when compared with control. Similarly, animals treated with imipramine (15mg/kg), as expected showed a significant decrease in the immobility time. In learned Helplessness Test, The Medhagulika treated mices showed significant increase in avoidance response and decreased in escape failure in response to shock treatment. Open field test utilizes behavioural changes in rodent exposed to novel environments and is used to confirm the observed antidepressant effect is not due to stimulation of general motor activity.

Keywords

Medhagulika, Forced Swim Test, Tail Suspension Test, Anti Depressant, Open Field Test.

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Soujanya Kumari ¹, Ravi Kumar ², Yamunappa ¹, Pooja Shetty ¹, Prathibha Suvarna ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The present investigation concerns the formulation and evaluation of gastro retentive matrix tablets of sitagliptin which after oral administration, are designed to prolong the gastric residence time, increase drug bioavailability and sustain the drug release. The tablets were prepared by using various polymers viz; HPMC (K4M, K15 M, K100M), xanthan gum and combination of polymers and sodium bicarbonate. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation method and further evaluated for pre compression parameters, physical characteristics, in vitro release, buoyancy time, lag-time and swelling index. Formulations were evaluated for in vitro buoyancy and drug release study using United States Pharmacopeia (USP) 23 paddle-type dissolution apparatus using 0.1 N HCl (pH 1.2) as a dissolution medium. All formulations had floating lag times below 3 minutes and constantly floated on dissolution medium for more than 12 hrs. The optimized formulations (F13) were subjected to various kinetic release investigations and it was found that the mechanism of drug release was predominantly diffusion in combination with polymeric relaxation. The best formulation (F13) remained buoyant and showed a sustained drug release (98%) for 12hrs. F13 showed no significant change in physical appearance, drug content or floating lag time after storage at 45°C/75% RH for three months.

Keywords

Sitagliptin, Floating Drug Delivery System, Hydrocolloids, Gastric Residence Time, Buoyancy.

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Monirul Islam ¹, J. Ramanjaneyulu ¹, D. Veeresh Babu ¹, Mohibul Hoque ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

In recent decades, it has become one of the principal pillars of a branch of science called cognitive neuroscience, an interdisciplinary link between cognitive and neuroscience. The objective of this to investigate the neuropsychological effect of a polyherbal formulation Bravobol on learning and memory processes in mice by elevated plus maze and Morris water maze model. Bravobol contains Evolvulus alsinoids (Shankhpushpi), Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi), Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), Celastrus paniculatus (Malkangani) and Abhrak bhasma. Its effect (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg, p.o.) was tested on learning and memory processes. Activity of Bravobol on acquisition and retention was studied using elevated plus maze model (EPM) and spatial memory using Morris water maze model (MWM) in mice. The results were compared with the vehicle-treated group. Administration of Bravobol (250, 500 and 750 mg/kg, p.o) showed significant reduction in transfer latency in EPM and escape latency in MWM as compared to the control group. Bravobol may act as a memory enhancer formulation and may also be useful as a supportive adjuvant in the treatment of Alzheimers disease.

Keywords

Polyherbal Formulation, Elevated Pluz Maze, Moriss Water Maze.

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Yamunappa ¹, Pooja Shetty ¹, Prathibha Suvarna ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

In recent years, plant derived polymers have evoked tremendous interest due to their diverse pharmaceutical applications such as diluent, binder, disintegrate in tablets, thickeners in oral liquids, protective colloids in suspensions, gelling agents in gels and bases in suppository, they are also used in cosmetics, textiles, paints and paper-making. Basella alba is a wildly cultivated, cool season vegetable with climbing growth habit. Malabar spinach is high in vitamin A, vitamin C, iron and calcium. In the present work, an attempt was made to develop matrix tablets of diclofenac using natural release retardant isolated from Basella alba leaves and its efficiency was compared with most widely used natural release retardant like guar gum.

Diclofenac matrix tablets were formulated by using BAM in different concentrations (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5%) by wet granulation method and its efficiency was compared with guar gum. The granules prepared were free flowing with good compressibility. Formulated tablets were evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, drug content, in vitro disintegration time, swelling studies and in vitro dissolution studies.

The hardness of the tablets was found to be 6-7 kg/cm2 and percentage friability of tablets was found to be less than 0.1% in all the cases and swelling index studies shown that as the conc. of polymer increased there was a proportional increase in the swelling index of tablet. Among the formulation studied, formulation F5 showed release of drug more than 12hrs and formulation F5 showed optimum release characteristics. The release was found to follow the anomalous non-Fickian diffusion. It revealed that as the conc. of polymer in tablet increased the release of the drug from the tablet decreased. It shown that BAM exhibited excellent retarding effect on drug release from the matrix tablets even at very low concentrations. Stability studies were carried out at 400C±20C/75%±5% RH for formulation F5 for 30 days. The results of stability studies indicated no significant changes with respect to physicochemical properties, in vitro disintegration time, swelling index and in vitro drug release.

Keywords

Matrix Tablets, Diclofenac, Basella alba Mucilage, Release Retardant, Wet Granulation, Guar Gum.

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Simila Madathil ¹, Ravi Kumar ², Anju Govind ¹, Mercy Mathew ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

Plant products serve as an alternative to synthetic products because of local accessibility, eco friendly nature and lower price compared to imported synthetic products. Natural gums and mucilage have been widely explored as pharmaceutical excipients. Tablet disintegration has received considerable attention as an essential step in obtaining fast drug release. The present work was carried out to study the disintegration properties of Plantago Ovata mucilage powder by formulating orally disintegrating tablets of Trimetazidine hydrochloride by direct compression method. Disintegrant property of above disintegrants was evaluated by comparing their formulations with the formulations of various superdisintegrants extracted Mucilage was subjected to toxicity studies for its safety and preformulation studies for its suitability as a disintegrating agent. The extracted mucilage is devoid of toxicity. No chemical interaction between drug and excipients was confirmed by FTIR and DSC studies. Mouth dissolving tablets of Trimetazidine hydrochloride were prepared and compared with different concentrations viz; 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% (w/w) of Plantago Ovata mucilage powder, cross carmellose sodium and sodium starch glycolate. Thirty six formulations were prepared by using different diluents and evaluated for physical parameters such as thickness, hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content, disintegration time and drug dissolution. The formulated tablets had good appearance and better drug release properties. The study revealed that Plantago Ovata mucilage powder was effective as disintegrant in low concentrations (1%). The mucilage was found to be a superior disintegrating agent than sodium starch glycolate and cross carmellose sodium. Studies indicate that the extracted mucilage may be a good source of pharmaceutical adjuvant, specifically a disintegrating agent.

Keywords

Fast Dissolving Tablet, Trmetazidine Dihydrochloride, Superdisintegrant, Direct Compression, Plantago Ovate, Sodium Starch Glycolate, Cross Carmellose Sodium, Cross Povidone.

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Yamunappa ¹, Ravi Kumar ¹, Pooja Shetty ¹, Prathibha Suvarna ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The objective of this research was to formulate fast dissolving tablets of Pravastatin sodium that disintegrate in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva and there by improve therapeutic efficacy. Pravastatin sodium is used for the treatment of myocardial infarction. Fast dissolving tablets of pravastatin sodium were prepared by direct compression method using three different superdisintegrants-Sodium starch glycollate, Crosscarmellose sodium and Crosspovidone (2%, 4% and 6%) and three different diluents (mannitol and spray dried lactose) in different concentrations. Eighteen formulations were prepared by using different diluents and evaluated were evaluated for various pre and post compression parameters like angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index, Hausner's ratio, tablet hardness, friability, weight variation, wetting time, water absorption ratio in vitro dispersion time, drug content and in vitro dissolution studies. FTIR and DSC studies revealed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients. Formulation L6 was found to be the best on the basis of wetting time, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro drug release. The formulation L6 containing spray dried lactose as diluent and crosspovidone (6%) was found to be the optimized combination. Stability studies were carried out at 25°C±20°C/60%±5% RH and 400°C±20°C/75%±5% RH for formulation L6 for 60 days. The results of stability studies indicated no significant changes with respect to physicochemical properties, in vitro disintegration time, wetting time and in vitro drug release.

Keywords

Fast Dissolving Tablets, Pravastatin Sodium, Superdisintegrant, Direct Compression, Sodium Starch Glycollate, Crosscarmellose Sodium, Crosspovidone.

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Juna Thomas ¹, D. Veeresh Babu ¹, Anjan Kumar ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the anti depressant activity of a Poly herbal formulation "PERMENT" in experimental animal models.

Method: Anti depressant activity was evaluated in experimental different either sex animal models. The degree of anti depressant activity was determined by measuring the immobility time in Forced swim test and Tail suspension test, by counting the number of failure to escape and number of avoidance response in Learned helplessness test, Reserpine induced test the rectal temperature is determined and the number of passages of rodents through the hole from one chamber to another in Hole cross as a confirmatory test.

Result: Animals treated with all three doses of PERMENT (53.85, 102.77 and 154.16mg/kg) witnessed a decrease in their immobility times in FST and TST which was significant when compared with control. Similarly, animals treated with Imipramine (15mg/kg), as expected showed a significant decrease in the immobility time. In learned Helplessness Test, the PERMENT treated rats showed significant increase in avoidance response and decreased in escape failure in response to shock treatment. In Reserpine Induced Test the initial rectal temperature is determined by electronic thermometer. Hole cross test utilizes the number of passages of rodents through the hole from one chamber to another.

Conclusion: The study revealed that the "PERMENT" possess a significant anti depressant activity.

Keywords

PERMENT, Forced Swim Test, Tail Suspension Test, Reserpine Induced Test, Hole Cross Test.

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Sanu G. Sam ¹, Anjan Kumar ¹, D. Veeresh Babu ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The present study was designed to evaluate the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of whole plant of "Inula racemosa" using different animal models. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated by using various two animal models. The alloxan induced diabetes method and streptozocin induced diabetes method along with biochemical parameters like SALP, SGPT, SGOT, Triglycerides, Total proteins were employed to investigate antidiabetic potential of Inula racemosa. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using formalin induced paw edema model and croton oil ear edema model. Carrageenan induced paw edema model uses change in paw volume of control, test, and standard respectively to find out percentage inhibition of edema. The study revealed that the whole plant of "Inula racemosa" possess a significant anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Keywords

Inula racemosa, Alloxan Induced Diabetes Method, Streptozocin Induced Diabetes Method, Formalin Induced Paw Edema Model, Croton Oil Ear Edema Model.

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Mohibul Hoque ¹, J. Ramanjaneyulu ¹, D. Veeresh Babu ¹, Monirul Islam ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

Alzheimer is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder related to changes in nerve cells that result in the death of brain cells. The present work is focused on generating scientific data on the nootropic activity of Sumenta, in Alzheimer's induced experimental animals like mice and rats. The objective of the proposed study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of poly herbal formulation Sumenta on Alzheimer's in different animal models. Like Locomotors activity, Hebb's- William maze. Evaluation of nootropic activity was done by using 3 doses of PHFS (250, 500 and 750 mg/kg) in vivo models. Locomotors function test, Hebb's- William maze Hebb's William maze was used for studying learning, memory and reasoning in animals. The clever the rat, the more quickly it is able to make use of past experience and therefore more quickly it learns its way out in the maze. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of SUMENTA on learning, memory and reasoning model using the Hebb's William maze in mice. Drug treated animal group in Hebb's William maze showed transfer latency decrease compared to control. PHFS did not shown any significant changes in locomotors function, its suggested that it has no sedative action. The present study on nootropic activity with PHFS has shown significant nootropic Activity in different animal models.

Keywords

Polyherbal Formulation, Locomotion Activity, Hebb's- William Maze, TL.

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